3D zeolites play a central role in heterogenous catalysis and separation technologies owing to their microporosity and chemical robustness. More recently, their 2D counterparts—zeolite nanosheets—have attracted growing attention. While often valued for improved surface accessibility and reduced diffusion limitations, 2D zeolites offer possibilities that extend beyond conventional applications. Their ultrathin architecture enables integration into ordered films and hybrid materials, opening perspectives in areas outside the common zeolite applications, such as assembly of hybrid materials, optics or electrochemistry. This lecture will present recent advances in the synthesis, exfoliation, and assembly of 2D zeolite nanosheets into uniform thin films (~ 2 nm ≡ 1 unit cell), highlighting research carried out during a two-year stay in Japan. These films are facile to prepare and deposit and can be tailored not only for catalytic and separation processes but also as ultrathin corrosion-resistant coatings or for construction of hybrid functional materials.

Molecular building blocks provide a versatile platform for exploring the exotic quantum phases and complex many-body physics. Here we demonstrate a showcase system based on pure-carbon, defect-free, charge-neutral fullerene networks, which can be constructed from a molecular synthon with quantised spins due to symmetry. We report a rich variety of condensed matter models that are challenging to realise, including antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 chain in Janus fullerene nanoribbons, ferromagnetic Haldane fullerene monolayers, and altermagnetic Shastry-Sutherland fullerene networks that can be continuously tuned into a quantum spin liquid phase. Our findings open new a frontier for exploring quantum phenomena based on scalable, chemically-stable, molecular building units can potentially operate at room temperature.

Highly efficient antimicrobial polymer nanofiber membranes and nanoparticles that use inactivation of a pathogen via photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen will be presented. The antimicrobial mechanism includes excitation of the photosensitizer encapsulated or externally bounded to nanomaterials by visible light, formation of its triplet states followed by energy transfer to triplet oxygen leading to short-living singlet oxygen formation. Since singlet oxygen is a great oxidant of biological targets, the antibacterial and antiviral effect is very powerful. The singlet oxygen-sensitized delayed fluorescence of a photosensitizer can be observed and used as a sensitive tool for detection of oxygen, imaging of singlet oxygen and distribution of a photosensitizer. Modifications of nanomaterials enabling size selective inactivation of pathogens, generation of singlet oxygen via thermolysis of endoperoxides or photoproducing NO radical or I₂ with the aim to increase their antimicrobial effect will be also mentioned.

Presentations by new PhD students and postdocs at the departmental retreat in Liblice Castle (https://www.zamek-liblice.cz/en/).

Proteins are essential building blocks of biogenic materials, forming both purely protein-based structures and composite materials where they mediate specific interactions with other biopolymers or mineral surfaces. Using single-molecule force spectroscopy, our goal is to establish fundamental sequence-structure-mechanics relationships of protein-protein and protein-surface interactions, and to utilize these for the bottom-up assembly of bioinspired materials. Focusing on a diverse array of structural protein motifs found in nature (e.g. coiled coils, chitin-binding and magnetite-binding proteins), we have unraveled the molecular factors that govern their mechanical stability and binding strength. This knowledge is used to build libraries of mechanically calibrated protein motifs, which serve as building blocks for mechanoresponsive materials with tunable properties. Ultimately, we aim to translate these molecular-level insights into materials with self-healing and self-reporting functions.

Flexible electrochemical technologies–bendable batteries, wearable sensors, and soft robots–demand a rare combination: fast electronic transport for efficiency and ion-driven chemistry for energy storage, catalysis, and actuation. Most materials force a trade-off. Conductive Networks such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and MXenes shuttle electrons rapidly but often offer limited redox-active chemistry. Many metal oxides provide high ionic charge storage and rich redox reactions, yet their poor conductivity constrains performance, especially in thin, flexible devices. This seminar presents a strategy to break this bottleneck using nano-engineered metal–organicframeworks and covalent–organic frameworks–crystalline, porous molecular scaffolds programmable at the building-block level. By tuning pore architecture, redox-active sites, and charge-transport pathways, we create frameworks where electrons and ions operate synergistically rather than competitively. The result is a versatile platform for high-density energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors), electrocatalysis, and electrochemical transduction in soft systems. We conclude with a real-world demonstration: near‑zero‑voltageartificial muscles–flexible actuators capable of lifting ~34× their own weight–highlightingopportunities for ultra‑low‑power soft robotics, responsive textiles, and multifunctional wearables.

• AI boom
• AI today
• How AI works and how to (co-)operate with it
• AI across the sciences
• ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini
• How to leverage AI in programming
• The future of AI

The centrosome presents a material science paradox: how gigapascal-stiffness microtubules might be structurally anchored within a seemingly soft, viscoelastic hydrogel matrix. In the proposed talk, I will describe this organelle as a potential "supramolecular reactor“ and suggest how self-organization can confine reactants to modulate catalytic polymer nucleation. Furthermore, we discuss the hypothetical role of the centriole in guiding the orthogonal geometry and maintaining spindle integrity in cell division.

The fine chemical industry faces increasing pressure to adopt more sustainable, selective, and atom-efficient synthetic routes. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are a disruptive solution, combining the precision of molecular catalysts with the robustness and reusability of solid materials. Building on this potential, our group is developing SACs that do more than just mimic homogeneous sites: they adapt, switch reactivity modes, and enable new transformations that were previously challenging or inaccessible in heterogeneous systems. This lecture outlines our journey through the design, application, and understanding of SACs in the context of scalable, sustainable fine chemical manufacturing. The lecture will begin by elucidating the local coordination of isolated metal atoms (Zn, Cu, Ni, Ag, Pd, Ir) through XAS, FTIR, aberration-corrected STEM, and DFT, revealing well-defined and often unexpected geometries where support composition and texture dictate both dispersion and electronic properties. This precise understanding of structure enables the rational deployment of SACs across a broad range of reactions, including CO2-assisted cycloaddition, light-driven pollutant degradation, C–O/C–C coupling, click chemistry, and C–S coupling, outperforming conventional catalysts by enabling isolated, selective, and tunable reactivity under mild conditions. Key to their function are confinement effects, charge-transfer interactions, and coordination anisotropy. These insights culminate in adaptive systems like Pd SACs with switchable reactivity and a multifunctional Ir SAC that achieves selective reductive couplings, showcasing the unique capacity of SACs to deliver efficient and sustainable catalysis guided by atomic-scale design.

Wood is a natural and renewable resource whose use has recently increased in fields such as civil construction, fiber production, and biopolymer development. Thanks to its hierarchical structure at different levels, wood can be utilized in new applications with the assistance of Polymer Science. At the macroscale, the use of adhesives, primers, and special physicochemical treatments for durability improves the quality of engineered wood products; at the microscale, thanks to its anisotropic and porous structure, filters, insulators, sensors, and actuators are produced for water purification, thermal insulation, and smart materials; and at the nanoscale, new biopolymers and nanoparticles are synthesized for the development of adhesives, fibers, films, foams, and composites. This makes Wood Materials Science a field where physicists, chemists, and engineers combine their knowledge to achieve more sustainable products and innovative applications.

Raman microscopy is a microscopic imaging method combining the molecular specificity of vibrational spectroscopy with the spatial resolution of confocal optical microscopy. Here, it will be presented as an exceptionally useful method for identifying the chemical nature of intracellular organelles and intracellular inclusions, and for chemical mapping of microorganisms. Recent methodological progress we have contributed to will be illustrated by selected examples of identifying the chemical composition of crystalline inclusions in photosynthetic microalgae. The advantages, perspectives, opportunities, and challenges of wider use of Raman microscopy in biological applications will also be highlighted, along with the limitations and pitfalls of this method.